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Polymers02:34

Polymers

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The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
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Biological agents offer an effective means of controlling microbial growth by leveraging natural processes like predation, competition, and the secretion of antimicrobial substances.Predatory bacteria such as Bdellovibrio species target and kill pathogens like Salmonella and E. coli. They are widely used in poultry farms to control infections. Myxococcus species help combat plant-pathogenic fungi. These naturally occurring predators serve as eco-friendly alternatives to chemical pesticides and...
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Conjugated Proteins02:50

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Simple proteins and protein complexes contain only amino acids. In contrast, many other proteins, called conjugated proteins, covalently bond with non-protein moieties.
Nucleoproteins are protein complexes that contain nucleic acids, categorized as deoxyribonucleoproteins (DNPs) or ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) respectively. The nucleosome is a typical example of a DNP where nuclear DNA is associated with histone proteins. The major antigen for the Covid-19 virus SARS-CoV is an RNP that is critical...
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The transfer function is a fundamental concept in the analysis and design of linear time-invariant (LTI) systems. It offers a concise way to understand how a system responds to different inputs in the frequency domain. It serves as a bridge between the time-domain differential equations that describe system dynamics and the frequency-domain representation that facilitates easier manipulation and analysis.
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Optical Control of Living Cells Electrical Activity by Conjugated Polymers
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Conjugated Polymers for Assessing and Controlling Biological Functions.

Erica Zeglio1,2, Alexandra L Rutz3, Thomas E Winkler2

  • 1School of Materials Science and Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|March 13, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Conjugated polymers (CPs) offer advanced organic bioelectronics for monitoring and controlling biological signals. These materials show promise in electrophysiology, tissue engineering, drug delivery, biosensing, and molecular bioelectronics, despite implementation challenges.

Keywords:
biosensorsconjugated polymerselectrophysiologyorganic bioelectronicstissue engineering

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Area of Science:

  • Organic bioelectronics
  • Materials science
  • Biomedical engineering

Background:

  • Traditional electronic materials face limitations in biological applications.
  • Conjugated polymers (CPs) possess unique tunable properties and mixed conductivity.
  • CPs enable versatile interactions with biological systems at multiple levels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the application of conjugated polymers (CPs) in organic bioelectronics.
  • To discuss the advantages and limitations of CPs in various biological research areas.
  • To highlight challenges for real-world implementation of CP-based devices.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of CP applications in five key areas.
  • Analysis of CP performance in electrophysiology, tissue engineering, drug release, biosensing, and molecular bioelectronics.
  • Discussion of material properties, device performance, and biological interfaces.

Main Results:

  • CPs enhance signal performance and tissue integration in electrophysiology.
  • CP-based scaffolds provide favorable interfaces for tissue engineering.
  • CPs facilitate diverse drug delivery mechanisms and biosensing capabilities.
  • CPs are enabling molecular bioelectronics for in-tissue optoelectronic functions.

Conclusions:

  • Conjugated polymers are versatile materials for advancing organic bioelectronics.
  • CPs demonstrate significant potential across multiple biomedical applications.
  • Overcoming current limitations is crucial for widespread clinical and commercial adoption of CP technologies.