[Progress in the treatment of multiple sclerosis]

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Immunology
• Clinical Therapeutics

Background:

• Multiple sclerosis (MS) treatment has advanced significantly, driven by progress in basic science and translational research.
• Neurology now features numerous therapeutic options, especially in immunotherapy, enabling personalized treatment strategies.
• Despite advancements, MS is not curable, and managing its progression requires ongoing research.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the current state of multiple sclerosis treatment, focusing on immunotherapy advancements.
• To highlight the progress in therapeutic options and the challenges in managing MS.
• To discuss the importance of benefit-risk considerations in MS therapy.

Main Methods:

• Review of current literature on multiple sclerosis treatment and immunotherapy.
• Analysis of clinical study designs and translational research findings.
• Evaluation of therapeutic options for early-stage and progressive MS.

Main Results:

• Immunotherapy has become a cornerstone in MS treatment, offering multiple options for individualized approaches.
• Stabilization of MS is often feasible, particularly in early disease stages.
• Increasing immunotherapeutic options for progressive MS contrast with the developmental stage of neuroprotective and regenerative strategies.

Conclusions:

• Neurology has evolved with diverse therapeutic options for multiple sclerosis, primarily through immunotherapy.
• Individualized treatment is possible, but careful benefit-risk assessment is essential due to potential severe side effects.
• Further research is needed for neuroprotection, regeneration, and optimizing symptomatic therapies in multiple sclerosis.