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We demonstrate how nanoplasmonic cavities can engineer electron pairing in 2D materials, creating a novel superconductor. This method induces attractive interactions, leading to pair-density wave superconductivity at low temperatures.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Optics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Electron pairing is crucial for superconductivity.
  • Understanding electron interactions in two-dimensional (2D) materials is key for next-generation electronics.
  • Nanoplasmonic cavities offer unique electromagnetic environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate electron pairing in 2D systems mediated by vacuum fluctuations.
  • To explore the potential of nanoplasmonic terahertz cavities for inducing superconductivity.
  • To analyze the properties of the resulting superconducting state.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical investigation of electron pairing.
  • Utilizing nanoplasmonic terahertz cavities to structure vacuum fluctuations.
  • Modeling attractive interactions between current fluctuations in 2D electron systems.

Main Results:

  • Structured cavity vacuum induces long-range attractive interactions between current fluctuations.
  • Achieved electron pairing in generic materials with critical temperatures in the low-Kelvin regime.
  • Identified the induced state as a pair-density wave superconductor.
  • Observed a transition from fully gapped to partially gapped phases, similar to the pseudogap phase.

Conclusions:

  • Nanoplasmonic cavities can engineer intrinsic electron interactions in 2D materials.
  • This approach offers a promising route to achieving pair-density wave superconductivity.
  • The findings provide insights into phenomena like the pseudogap phase in superconductors.