Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 25, 2026
05:23
Gastric Mucosa Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction Analysis for Detecting Helicobacter pylori and Antibiotic Resistance
Published on: March 7, 2025
764
Helicobacter pylori Genetic Polymorphisms in Gastric Disease Development
Jeannette M Whitmire1, D Scott Merrell2
1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|April 25, 2019
Summary
Helicobacter pylori genetic variations influence gastric disease. Evaluating multiple polymorphisms in H. pylori strains helps assess pathogenic potential and understand geographic disease variations.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Genetics
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Helicobacter pylori infects half the global population, causing significant gastric diseases like cancer.
- H. pylori possesses a diverse genome with numerous polymorphic genetic elements, particularly in virulence factors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review specific H. pylori genetic polymorphisms linked to disease outcomes.
- To discuss the combined influence of geographic location and virulence factor polymorphisms on H. pylori-induced diseases.
Main Methods:
- Review of epidemiological studies investigating H. pylori genetic polymorphisms.
- Focus on polymorphisms in outer membrane proteins (OMPs), effector proteins, and toxins.
- Analysis of geographic variations and combinations of polymorphisms.
Main Results:
- Geographic variations exist in H. pylori polymorphism prevalence and disease associations.
- Multiple polymorphisms frequently co-occur within strains.
- No single polymorphism fully explains disease development.
Conclusions:
- Evaluating multiple H. pylori polymorphisms aids in assessing strain pathogenic potential.
- Combined effects of geographic location and virulence polymorphisms are crucial in H. pylori pathogenesis.
Related Concept Videos
01:16Treating Helicobacter pylori in Peptic Ulcers: Antimicrobial Therapy
1.2K
Helicobacter pylori, a resilient gram-negative bacterium, can thrive in the stomach's harsh, acidic environment. Infection with H. pylori leads to a cascade of events within the stomach lining. One of the critical disruptions caused by this bacterium is the interference with somatostatin production, a hormone responsible for regulating acid secretion. This interference tips the balance, escalating acid secretion and diminishing bicarbonate levels. This imbalance compromises the defensive...
1.2K
01:16Gastric Motility
3.0K
Gastric motility is the coordinated contraction and relaxation of stomach muscles that convert ingested food into chyme, a semi-liquid substance ready for further digestion in the intestines. The process begins with the vagus nerve inducing the relaxation of the smooth muscles in the fundus and body of the stomach, allowing these regions to expand and accommodate up to approximately 1.5 liters of food and liquid.
Peristaltic Waves and Chyme Formation
Upon food entry, the stomach initiates...
Peristaltic Waves and Chyme Formation
Upon food entry, the stomach initiates...
3.0K
00:49What is Genetic Engineering?
79.9K
Overview
79.9K
01:16Gastric Emptying
3.5K
Gastric emptying occurs when the stomach gradually releases chyme into the duodenum. When the stomach is distended, it triggers the release of gastrin, a hormone that promotes gastric acid secretion to aid in digestion. Additionally, stomach distension contributes to peristaltic waves that propel gastric contents toward the pyloric region. The gastroenteric reflex, on the other hand, primarily stimulates peristalsis in the intestines, facilitating the movement of contents further along the...
3.5K
01:05Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs
18.0K
A single nucleotide polymorphism or SNP is a single nucleotide variation at a specific genomic position in a large population. It is the most prevalent type of sequence variation found in the human genome. Point mutations that occur in more than 1% of the population qualify as SNPs. These are present once every 1000 nucleotides on an average in the human genome. Replacement of a purine with another purine (A/G) or a pyrimidine with another pyrimidine (C/T) is known as a transition. In contrast,...
18.0K
02:16Genetics of Speciation
21.0K
Speciation is the evolutionary process resulting in the formation of new, distinct species—groups of reproductively isolated populations.
21.0K