Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Elastic Staining on Paraffin-embedded Slides of pT3N0M0 Gastric Cancer Tissue
Published on: May 1, 2019
The Molecular Biologic Basis of Esophageal and Gastric Cancers
Arjun Pennathur1, Tony E Godfrey2, James D Luketich1
1Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, The University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop St. Suite C-800, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
Abstract:
Esophageal cancer and gastric cancer are leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. In this article, the authors discuss the molecular biology of esophageal and gastric cancer with a focus on esophageal adenocarcinoma. They review data from The Cancer Genome Atlas project and advances in the molecular stratification and classification of esophageal carcinoma and gastric cancer. They also summarize advances in microRNA, molecular staging, gene expression profiling, tumor microenvironment, and detection of circulating tumor DNA. Finally, the authors summarize some of the implications of understanding the molecular basis of esophageal cancer and future directions in the management of esophageal cancer.
Related Concept Videos
Gastric Motility
Peristaltic Waves and Chyme Formation
Upon food entry, the stomach initiates...
Esophageal Varices-I: Introduction
Gastric Emptying
Gastric Phase of Digestion
When food enters the stomach, it stretches the stomach walls and activates stretch receptors. This triggers local reflexes of the enteric nervous system, mediated through the myenteric plexus. These...
Esophageal Perforation-I: Introduction
The location of esophageal perforation can vary, occurring anywhere along the esophagus....
Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction
Etiology
The primary cause of esophageal strictures is long-standing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), accounting for about 70 to 80% of adult cases. Chronic acid reflux can lead to injury and scarring of the esophageal lining, culminating in...

