[Neural Crest-An Unusual Population of Embryonic Cells]
E S Pshennikova1,2, A S Voronina1
1Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071 Russia.
Molekuliarnaia Biologiia
|May 18, 2019
Summary
Neural crest cells in vertebrate embryos are pluripotent and multipotent, forming diverse cell types. Their specific genes evolved before vertebrates, and abnormal development leads to human pathologies.
Area of Science:
- Developmental biology
- Evolutionary biology
- Cell biology
Background:
- The neural crest (NC) is a transient embryonic cell population in vertebrates.
- NC cells originate at the border of the neural plate and migrate extensively.
- These cells are characterized by pluripotency and expression of specific markers.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize the key characteristics of neural crest cells.
- To highlight the evolutionary origins of neural crest-specific genes.
- To underscore the clinical relevance of neural crest development.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of developmental and evolutionary studies on neural crest cells.
- Analysis of gene expression patterns and evolutionary conservation.
- Review of human pathologies associated with neural crest defects.
Main Results:
- Neural crest cells are multipotent and give rise to a wide array of cell types.
- Genes critical for vertebrate neural crest function predate the emergence of vertebrates.
- Disruptions in neural crest development are linked to numerous human diseases.
Conclusions:
- The neural crest is a fundamental component of vertebrate development with deep evolutionary roots.
- Understanding neural crest cell biology is crucial for addressing developmental disorders.
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