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Pacemaker Mechanisms Driving Pyeloureteric Peristalsis: Modulatory Role of Interstitial Cells.

Richard J Lang1, Hikaru Hashitani2

  • 1School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia. rick.lang@monash.edu.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|June 12, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Renal pelvis peristalsis, crucial for urine flow, is driven by atypical smooth muscle cells (ASMCs). Interstitial cells (ICs) modulate ASMC activity, influencing kidney function and urine transport.

Keywords:
Atypical smooth muscle cellsCalcium channelsCalcium imagingInterstitial cellsPacemakingPyeloureteric peristalsisUpper urinary tract

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Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Nephrology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Renal pelvis peristalsis propels urine from kidney to bladder.
  • Previously considered myogenic, influenced by prostaglandins and neurotransmitters.
  • Renal pelvis structure varies between uni-papilla and multi-papillae kidneys.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on renal pelvis architecture and peristalsis.
  • To elucidate the role of calcium (Ca2+) in renal pelvis contractions.
  • To explore mechanisms by which interstitial cells (ICs) influence pacemaker cell activity.

Main Methods:

  • Electron microscopy
  • Electrophysiology
  • Calcium (Ca2+) imaging studies

Main Results:

  • Atypical smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) identified as likely pacemaker cells.
  • ASMCs generate Ca2+ transients and spontaneous transient depolarizations (STDs).
  • Interstitial cells (ICs) exhibit synchronized Ca2+ bursts that accelerate ASMC firing.

Conclusions:

  • ASMCs are key pacemakers for pyeloureteric peristalsis.
  • Interstitial cells (ICs) play a significant role in modulating ASMC pacemaking.
  • Calcium signaling is central to renal pelvis peristalsis regulation.