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Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
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Laminins are heterotrimeric proteins with high molecular mass found in the extracellular matrix. Each laminin molecule is composed of three chains, viz. alpha, beta, and gamma, coded by five, four, and three paralogous genes, respectively. Laminins are categories based on the compositions of the three chains.
In humans, the five forms of alpha chains are LAMA 1, LAMA 2, LAMA 3, LAMA 4, and LAMA 5. The four forms of beta chains are LAMB 1, LAMB 2, LAMB 3, and LAMB 4. The three forms of gamma...
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The basal lamina is a thin extracellular layer that lies underneath the cells and separates them from other tissues. The three layers of the basal lamina are lamina lucida, lamina densa and lamina reticularis. The basal lamina, a mixture of glycoproteins and collagen, provides an attachment site for the epithelium, separating it from underlying connective tissue. The framework of basal lamina has other essential proteins such as laminins mesh, perlecan, entactin, and type IV collagen.
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Type IV Collagen of Basal Lamina01:05

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Type IV collagen is a 400 nm long, network-forming collagen that acts as a barrier between the epithelial and endothelial cells. Type IV collagen  forms the backbone of the basement membrane by scaffolding with laminin, entactin, proteoglycans, and fibronectin. Apart from rendering structural support to the basement membrane, it also helps entail signaling potentials necessary for both pathological and physiological functions.
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Development of Compendium for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
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Skin Cancer: Squamous and Basal Cell Carcinomas.

Benjamin Bashline

    FP Essentials
    |June 13, 2019
    PubMed
    Summary

    Nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSCs), primarily basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, are common but highly treatable. Early detection through regular skin exams and sun protection significantly improves outcomes for these UV-related skin cancers.

    Area of Science:

    • Dermatology
    • Oncology

    Background:

    • Nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) affect a significant portion of the American population.
    • Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are the most prevalent types of NMSC.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To provide an overview of NMSC epidemiology, risk factors, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.
    • To emphasize the generally favorable prognosis and recommended follow-up care for NMSC patients.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of epidemiological data and established clinical guidelines for NMSC.
    • Description of diagnostic methods including biopsy and histological subtyping.
    • Summary of surgical and nonsurgical treatment modalities.

    Main Results:

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  • Solar UV radiation is the primary risk factor for NMSC, with fairer skin types and immunocompromise increasing susceptibility.
  • Biopsy is crucial for diagnosis, while treatment varies from surgical excision to topical or photodynamic therapies.
  • Prognosis for NMSC is excellent due to a low risk of metastasis.
  • Conclusions:

    • NMSC is highly curable, with prevention strategies focusing on sun safety and avoiding tanning beds.
    • Annual skin examinations are recommended for NMSC patients.
    • Prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment lead to favorable outcomes.