Neurotoxins

Area of Science:

• Plastic Surgery
• Dermatology
• Aesthetic Medicine

Background:

• Botulinum toxin, approved in 2002 for glabellar rhytids, has expanded its use in facial plastic surgery.
• Numerous off-label applications have been established, demonstrating safety and efficacy.
• Various formulations of botulinum toxin are available.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the aesthetic and functional applications of botulinum toxin in facial plastic and reconstructive surgery.
• To provide an overview of current clinical uses beyond its initial FDA approval.
• To discuss recommended unit dosages for specific injection sites using onabotulinumtoxinA.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of studies on botulinum toxin in facial plastic surgery.
• Analysis of clinical applications for both aesthetic and functional purposes.
• Compilation of dosage recommendations based on onabotulinumtoxinA.

Main Results:

• Botulinum toxin effectively manages various facial rhytids, brow ptosis, gingival display, masseteric hypertrophy, platysmal bands, and nerve paralysis.
• It is also used for hypertrophic scars and keloids.
• Established safety and efficacy across diverse applications.

Conclusions:

• Botulinum toxin is a versatile tool in facial plastic surgery with established safety and efficacy.
• Its applications extend beyond primary indications to address a range of aesthetic and functional concerns.
• Guidance on unit dosage, specifically for onabotulinumtoxinA, is provided to aid practitioners.