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Related Concept Videos

Immunocytochemistry and Immunohistochemistry01:22

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Immunocytochemistry (ICC) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) are techniques that use antibodies to check for specific proteins or antigens in a sample. The technique was first published by Albert Coons in 1941 to detect the presence of pneumococcal antigen in tissue sections from mice infected with Pneumococcus. Immunocytochemistry helps localization of proteins or antigens in individual cells like blood cells, stem cells, etc., while immunohistochemistry does the same for tissue samples.
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Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
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Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
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Reporting and recording are crucial in data documentation. The timely, thorough, and accurate documentation of facts is essential when recording patient data. Failure to record findings during an assessment or interpretation of a problem will result in loss of information and make the patient document unreliable. The reader is left with general impressions if the information is not specific. A recording is documenting data of the individual's health information in a traceable, secure, and...
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Culture of Bladder Cancer Organoids as Precision Medicine Tools
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Immunohistochemistry-Enabled Precision Medicine.

Zoran Gatalica1, Rebecca Feldman2, Semir Vranić3

  • 1Caris Life Sciences, Phoenix, AZ, USA. zgatalica@carisls.com.

Cancer Treatment and Research
|June 19, 2019
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Immunohistochemistry (IHC) aids cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Genomic probing refines IHC by linking antibody staining to genetic alterations, optimizing cancer therapy decisions for oncologists.

Keywords:
Cancer subtypingGene fusionImmunohistochemistryTargeted therapyTheranostic approach

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Area of Science:

  • Pathology
  • Oncology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is a diagnostic tool in pathology for cancer lineage and type determination.
  • The application of IHC is expanding into prognostic and predictive (theranostic) roles for neoplastic diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the evolving role of IHC in cancer management.
  • To introduce "genomic probing" as an advanced theranostic application of IHC.
  • To emphasize IHC's utility in guiding oncologists toward optimal patient therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing antibody staining in immunohistochemistry.
  • Correlating IHC staining results with underlying genetic alterations (somatic mutations and germline constitution).

Main Results:

  • IHC effectively aids in assigning cancer lineage and histologic type.
  • IHC provides crucial prognostic and predictive information for neoplastic diseases.
  • Genomic probing enhances theranostic capabilities by linking protein expression to tumor genetics.

Conclusions:

  • Immunohistochemistry is a versatile tool in oncology, extending beyond diagnostics to theranostics.
  • Genomic probing represents a significant advancement, integrating molecular information with IHC for personalized cancer treatment.
  • The combined application of IHC and genomic probing empowers oncologists to make informed therapeutic decisions, improving patient outcomes.