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Neurodevelopmental Outcomes Comparing Bevacizumab to Laser for Type 1 ROP.

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    Intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) treatment for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) showed no significant differences in major neurodevelopmental outcomes compared to laser therapy. However, IVB may offer protection against vision loss.

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    Area of Science:

    • Ophthalmology
    • Neurodevelopmental Pediatrics
    • Neonatal Care

    Background:

    • Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a significant cause of visual impairment in premature infants.
    • Treatment modalities for ROP include laser photocoagulation and intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB).
    • Evaluating long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes is crucial for assessing the impact of ROP treatments.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare neurodevelopmental outcomes in infants treated for ROP with laser versus primary intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB).
    • To identify factors associated with cerebral palsy (CP) in infants treated for ROP.
    • To assess the impact of ROP treatment on visual impairment and cognitive development.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective chart review of infants treated for ROP.
    • Comparison of primary outcomes: death, hearing loss, bilateral visual impairment (BVI), and cerebral palsy (CP).
    • Calculation of odds ratios (ORs) for CP and analysis of Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition (BSID-III) scores.

    Main Results:

    • No significant differences in overall primary outcomes between laser and IVB treatment groups.
    • Adjusted odds of BVI were significantly higher with laser treatment compared to IVB (OR = 13.1; P = .038).
    • Hydrocephalus and BVI were strongly correlated with CP; IVB was not associated with CP.

    Conclusions:

    • Intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) treatment for ROP was not associated with severe developmental disabilities.
    • IVB may provide a protective effect against vision loss in infants treated for ROP.
    • Visual outcomes are integral to neurodevelopmental assessment in ROP patients.