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Cultural Values: Can They Explain Differences in Health Utilities between Countries?
Bram Roudijk1, A Rogier T Donders1, Peep F M Stalmeier1
1Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, Gelderland, the Netherlands.
Summary
Cultural values do not explain country differences in health utilities, despite variations observed between nations. These unexplained differences highlight the need for country-specific value sets in health assessments.
Area of Science:
- Health Economics
- Sociology
- Psychometrics
Background:
- Health utilities are crucial in healthcare decision-making.
- Significant country-level variations exist in reported health utility values.
- Existing research suggests cultural values may influence these differences.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of sociodemographic factors, methodological variations (EQ-5D-3L vs. EQ-5D-5L), and cultural values on health utility differences.
- To determine if cultural values explain observed country-specific variations in health utilities.
- To assess the contribution of various factors to the variation in utility differences between countries.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of time tradeoff data from 28 EQ-5D valuation studies.
- Utilized multilevel models to assess sociodemographic, methodological, and cultural variables.
- Incorporated country-specific cultural data from the World Values Survey.
Main Results:
- Substantial variation in utility differences between mild and severe health states was observed across countries.
- Cultural values did not significantly reduce the country-level variation in utility differences.
- Sociodemographic factors showed weak associations, and the EQ-5D-5L instrument yielded smaller utility differences compared to EQ-5D-3L.
Conclusions:
- Country-specific variations in health utility differences persist and are not explained by national cultural values.
- Sociodemographic background and cultural values do not account for the observed between-country differences in health utilities.
- The findings underscore the necessity of employing country-specific value sets for health outcome instruments like the EQ-5D.
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