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Phase Transition to Large Scale Coherent Structures in Two-Dimensional Active Matter Turbulence.

Moritz Linkmann1, Guido Boffetta2, M Cristina Marchetti3

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dense microswimmer suspensions exhibit bacterial turbulence, forming large-scale vortices. A sharp transition to vortex formation indicates a subcritical phase transition separating bacterial and hydrodynamic turbulence in 2D.

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Area of Science:

  • Fluid dynamics
  • Statistical physics
  • Soft matter physics

Background:

  • Microswimmers in suspension generate collective motion, leading to large-scale vortex patterns termed bacterial turbulence.
  • Hydrodynamic turbulence, distinct from bacterial turbulence, operates on larger scales and involves inertial energy transport.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the properties of dense two-dimensional microswimmer suspensions.
  • Analyze the transition between bacterial and hydrodynamic turbulence.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a modified Navier-Stokes equation incorporating microswimmer-induced flow forcing.
  • Studied dense microswimmer suspensions in a two-dimensional system.
  • Examined the role of enstrophy conservation in inverse energy cascades.

Main Results:

  • Observed a sharp transition in flow properties, leading to the formation of large-scale vortices.
  • Identified an inverse cascade driven by enstrophy conservation, accumulating energy at the largest scales.
  • Demonstrated that 2D bacterial and hydrodynamic turbulence are separated by a subcritical phase transition.

Conclusions:

  • The collective motion of microswimmers drives a transition to large-scale vortex formation.
  • A subcritical phase transition governs the interplay between bacterial and hydrodynamic turbulence in 2D systems.