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Related Concept Videos

Subliminal Perception01:15

Subliminal Perception

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Subliminal perception refers to the processing of sensory information that occurs below the level of conscious awareness. Researchers study subliminal perception by presenting a stimulus, such as a word or image, very quickly, typically around 50 milliseconds. This rapid presentation is often followed by another stimulus, such as a pattern of dots or lines, which blocks further mental processing of the initial stimulus. As a result, if participants cannot identify the initial stimulus better...
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Factors Affecting Perception01:25

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Perception is influenced by perceptual set, context, motivation, and emotion. Perceptual set, or perceptual expectancy, refers to the tendency to perceive things in a particular way, influenced by previous experiences and expectations. This phenomenon affects the interpretation of stimuli, creating a set of mental tendencies and assumptions that impact sensory perceptions of sound, taste, touch, and sight.
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Perception01:28

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Perception is a fundamental psychological process that enables individuals to organize, interpret, and consciously experience sensory information. This process is crucial for understanding and interacting with the world around us. It includes both bottom-up and top-down processing, each playing a distinct role in how we perceive our environment.
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Gestalt Principles of Perception01:21

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Gestalt principles provide a framework for understanding how humans perceive objects as unified wholes within their context. These principles are essential in explaining the cognitive processes that make sense of complex visual stimuli by organizing them into coherent groups. One fundamental principle is proximity, which posits that objects located close to each other are perceived as a collective group. For instance, when dots are positioned near one another, the visual system interprets them...
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Auditory Perception01:17

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The auditory system is essential for sound perception, utilizing various critical structures. When sound waves enter the outer ear, they travel through the ear canal and cause the eardrum to vibrate. These vibrations are then transmitted to the middle ear, where three tiny bones – the malleus, incus, and stapes – amplify the sound. This amplification is crucial, as it ensures that the sound vibrations are strong enough to be conveyed to the inner ear. These vibrations then reach the...
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Extrasensory Perception01:23

Extrasensory Perception

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Extrasensory perception, or ESP, suggests the ability to perceive events beyond the conventional senses of sight, hearing, and touch. Parapsychologists, who research ESP and related psychic phenomena, categorize ESP into three main types: precognition, telepathy, and clairvoyance.
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Using a Virtual Store As a Research Tool to Investigate Consumer In-store Behavior
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Consumer Perception of Biotin Supplementation.

Jason J John1, Shari R Lipner2

  • 1Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA.

Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery
|August 15, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Consumers frequently use biotin supplements for hair, skin, and nail health, often unaware of potential lab test interference. Many biotin products lack warnings about the FDA advisory, highlighting a need for better consumer and physician education.

Keywords:
AmazonFood and Drug Administration warningbiotinhair disorderslaboratory testingnail disorderspatient educationskin disorders

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Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Science
  • Consumer Health
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Biotin is an essential human metabolic cofactor.
  • Consumers self-prescribe biotin, and physicians recommend it for skin, hair, and nail concerns, despite limited evidence.
  • The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued a warning regarding biotin's interference with laboratory tests.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess consumer perceptions of biotin on Amazon.
  • To evaluate consumer awareness of the FDA biotin warning.
  • To determine perceived benefits of biotin for hair, skin, and nails.

Main Methods:

  • Searched Amazon.com for the keyword 'biotin'.
  • Analyzed the top 1% of biotin products based on average consumer reviews.
  • Examined product dosage, indications, price, quantity, warnings, and review data.

Main Results:

  • Analyzed 16 biotin products with a mean review score of 4.38.
  • 27.2% of reviews mentioned hair improvement, 15.03% nail improvement, and 2.8% skin improvement.
  • No products included FDA warning information; only one reviewer mentioned it.

Conclusions:

  • Biotin supplementation is popular and perceived as beneficial, despite weak scientific evidence.
  • Most biotin users are unaware of its interference with lab tests.
  • Manufacturers and physicians should inform consumers about biotin's risks and benefits, including the FDA warning.