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Breaking Reciprocity with Space-Time-Coding Digital Metasurfaces.

Lei Zhang¹, Xiao Qing Chen¹, Rui Wen Shao¹

¹State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)

|August 18, 2019

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Space-time-coding digital metasurfaces demonstrate dynamic control over electromagnetic wavefronts, breaking Lorentz reciprocity. This breakthrough enables programmable nonreciprocal reflection and frequency conversion for advanced applications.

Keywords:

digital metasurfaces frequency conversion nonreciprocity programmable space-time-coding

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Area of Science:

Electromagnetic metasurfaces
Metamaterials engineering
Applied physics

Background:

Metasurfaces offer precise control over electromagnetic wavefronts.
Lorentz reciprocity imposes limitations in communication and energy systems.
Time-varying approaches are explored to overcome these limitations, but experimental evidence is scarce.

Purpose of the Study:

To leverage space-time-coding digital metasurfaces to break Lorentz reciprocity.
To demonstrate dynamic control over nonreciprocal effects.
To provide experimental validation of nonreciprocal reflection via space-time modulation.

Main Methods:

Utilizing space-time-coding digital metasurfaces with programmable digital modulation.
Inducing spatiotemporal phase gradients for anomalous reflection and frequency conversion.
Designing, fabricating, and testing a microwave-frequency prototype.

Main Results:

Experimental demonstration of nonreciprocal reflection effects enabled by space-time-modulated digital metasurfaces.
Measured results align with theoretical predictions.
Successful validation of dynamic control over nonreciprocity.

Conclusions:

Space-time-coding digital metasurfaces provide a novel platform for breaking Lorentz reciprocity.
The proposed method allows for programmable and reconfigurable nonreciprocal effects.
Potential applications include frequency conversion, optical isolation, and unidirectional transmission.