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Related Concept Videos

Non-gated Ion Channels01:24

Non-gated Ion Channels

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Ion channels are specialized proteins on the plasma membrane that allow charged ions to pass down their electrochemical gradient. Their main function is to maintain the membrane potential which is critical for cell viability. These channels are either gated or non-gated and can transport more than a thousand ions within milliseconds for the cellular event to occur.
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Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins with a channel for ions to pass through and a binding site for a ligand. The channel opens only when a ligand attaches to the binding site.
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Voltage-gated Ion Channels01:26

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Voltage-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that open and close in response to changes in the membrane potential. They are present on the membranes of all electrically excitable cells such as neurons, heart, and muscle cells.
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Mechanically-gated Ion Channels01:12

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Mechanically-gated ion channels are proteins found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell membranes that open in response to mechanical stress. Tension, compression, swelling, and shear stress can alter the conformation of the protein, opening a transmembrane channel that allows the passage of ions for signal transmission. In eukaryotes, mechanically-gated channels are distributed in several regions like the neurons, lungs, skin, bladder, and heart, where they play critical roles in numerous...
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Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that play a vital role in intercellular communication and functions of the nervous system. They allow the influx of ions across the membrane once the neurotransmitter binds, allowing the subsequent transmission of electrical excitation across the neurons. Other ligand-gated ion channels, like the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor, permit anions like chloride into the cells on the binding of the GABA molecule. Their entry into the cell...
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GPCRs are primarily responsible for our sense of smell, taste, and vision.  The binding of a sensory stimulus activates GPCR to stimulate effector proteins, many of which are ion channels in the sensory organs. GPCRs modulate the opening and closing of the target ion channels either directly by binding them, or by releasing second messengers that activate these channels. As ions move across the membrane, the membrane potential is altered, which induces an appropriate response.
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A Floating Gate Memory with U-Shape Recessed Channel for Neuromorphic Computing and MCU Applications.

Lu-Rong Gan1, Ya-Rong Wang1, Lin Chen2

  • 1State Key Lab. of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.

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|August 28, 2019
PubMed
Summary

This study simulates a U-shape recessed channel floating gate memory, demonstrating its potential for high-density embedded applications. The device exhibits synaptic behaviors, paving the way for neuromorphic computing and microcontroller units.

Keywords:
MCU (microprogrammed control unit)U-shape recessed channelfloating gateneuromorphic computing

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Area of Science:

  • Solid State Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Electrical Engineering

Background:

  • Floating gate (FG) memory is crucial for embedded systems.
  • Existing designs face limitations in integrated density and speed.
  • Neuromorphic computing requires efficient, synapse-like memory devices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To simulate and characterize a novel U-shape recessed channel floating gate memory.
  • To evaluate its potential for improved integrated density and synaptic functionalities.
  • To assess its suitability for neuromorphic computing and microcontroller unit (MCU) applications.

Main Methods:

  • Device simulation using Sentaurus TCAD tools.
  • Analysis of device architecture: vertically placed FG, HfO2 high-k dielectric.
  • Evaluation of programming/erasing speeds and synaptic behaviors (LTP/LTD).

Main Results:

  • Achieved improved integrated density due to device geometry.
  • Programming speed of 50 ns and erasing speed of 75 ns.
  • Demonstrated comprehensive synaptic abilities, including long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD).

Conclusions:

  • The U-shape recessed channel FG memory shows promise for high-density embedded applications.
  • The device exhibits biological synapse-like characteristics, suitable for neuromorphic systems.
  • Potential applications include embedded memory in neuromorphic computing and MCUs.