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Photonic Anomalous Quantum Hall Effect.

Sunil Mittal1,2, Venkata Vikram Orre1,2, Daniel Leykam3

  • 1Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.

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|September 7, 2019
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers created a photonic topological insulator using coupled ring resonators, demonstrating robust edge states. This breakthrough paves the way for advanced photonic devices in quantum information processing.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed matter physics
  • Quantum optics
  • Nanophotonics

Background:

  • Topological insulators exhibit unique edge states protected by topology.
  • Anomalous quantum Hall insulators are a class of topological insulators with potential applications.
  • Photonic analogues offer a platform to explore topological phenomena without electron interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally realize a photonic analogue of the anomalous quantum Hall insulator.
  • To investigate the properties of topologically protected edge states in a photonic system.
  • To demonstrate a topological phase transition in the fabricated device.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a two-dimensional (2D) array of coupled ring resonators.
  • Utilizing next-nearest neighbor couplings to engineer a topologically nontrivial band gap.
  • Employing direct imaging and on-chip transmission measurements for characterization.

Main Results:

  • Experimental realization of a photonic analogue of the anomalous quantum Hall insulator.
  • Observation of topologically robust edge states within the band gap.
  • Demonstration of a topological phase transition to a conventional insulator by breaking inversion symmetry.
  • Observation of pseudospin-dependent edge state propagation in opposite directions.

Conclusions:

  • The photonic system successfully mimics the anomalous quantum Hall insulator, hosting robust edge states.
  • The ability to tune the system's topology opens avenues for reconfigurable photonic devices.
  • These findings hold promise for developing integrated nanophotonic devices for classical and quantum information processing.