Primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the mandible

Area of Science:

• Oral oncology
• Hematology
• Pathology

Background:

• Primary intraosseous non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) of the mandible is rare, accounting for approximately 0.6% of extranodal lymphomas.
• Early symptoms like swelling and paresthesia can be mistaken for dental issues, delaying diagnosis.

Observation:

• A 51-year-old male presented with a 4-month history of mandibular swelling and paresthesia, unresponsive to prior periodontal treatment.
• Radiographic imaging revealed an extensive osteolytic lesion in the right mandible.
• Intra-oral examination showed significant swelling and tooth mobility.

Findings:

• Histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis confirmed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.
• The patient received six cycles of chemotherapy, achieving complete remission.

Implications:

• This case underscores the importance of considering lymphoma in the differential diagnosis of mandibular lesions, even when symptoms mimic dental conditions.
• Prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment, such as chemotherapy, can lead to favorable outcomes for patients with primary intraosseous mandibular lymphoma.