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Updated: Jan 19, 2026

Interactive and Visualized Online Experimentation System for Engineering Education and Research
Published on: November 24, 2021
Developing and Evaluating a Simulator for Complex IVC Filter Retrieval.
Nam S Hoang1, Benjamin H Ge1, William T Kuo1
1Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Room H3651, Stanford, CA 94305.
This study developed an inexpensive simulation model for inferior vena cava (IVC) filter retrieval, significantly improving trainee confidence and skills in handling forceps and understanding tissue feel.
Area of Science:
- Medical Simulation
- Surgical Skills Training
- Interventional Radiology
Background:
- Complex Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) filter retrieval demands specialized skills.
- Patient safety necessitates simulation models for procedural skill acquisition.
- Developing effective, low-cost models for embedded IVC filter retrieval is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and evaluate an inexpensive simulation model for tip-embedded IVC filter retrieval.
- To assess the model's effectiveness in improving trainee confidence and procedural skills.
Main Methods:
- Assembled a model using silicone tubes, IVC filters, and endobronchial forceps.
- Tested 12 adhesive methods to simulate IVC fibrous tissue adherence.
- Trained 20 trainees on the model and measured confidence using a 3-point scale.
Main Results:
- Sil-poxy Silicone Adhesive was identified as the most suitable material, mimicking IVC fibrous tissue.
- Trainee confidence significantly improved post-training in forceps handling (1.20 to 2.10), tactile feel (1.05 to 2.15), and overall confidence (1.05 to 1.70).
Conclusions:
- A low-cost simulator for embedded IVC filters is feasible.
- This model effectively enhances trainee confidence and skill for complex IVC filter retrieval procedures.
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