Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 4, 2026
16:13
Modeling Neural Immune Signaling of Episodic and Chronic Migraine Using Spreading Depression In Vitro
Published on: June 13, 2011
20.4K
Novelty in Inflammation and Immunomodulation in Migraine
Cinzia Cavestro1, Marcella Ferrero1, Silvia Mandrino1
1Department of Neurology, Headache Centre, ASL CN2, Alba, Italy.
Current Pharmaceutical Design
|November 6, 2019
Summary
Migraine pathophysiology involves neuroinflammation, not just vascular issues. New therapies target the Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP) pathway and immune system for better migraine management.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Immunology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Migraine is a complex neurological disorder with both central and peripheral origins.
- Historically viewed as a vascular disorder, current understanding points to neuro-inflammatory processes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the evolution of migraine pathophysiology from the neuro-inflammatory theory to modern models.
- To discuss the latest therapeutic advancements, including immunomodulatory drugs.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature search of PUBMED and EMBASE databases up to May 2019.
- Included review of bibliographies from existing review articles.
Main Results:
- The neuro-inflammatory hypothesis, focusing on the trigeminovascular system, has gained prominence.
- Key neurotransmitters like Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP) and Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Peptide (PACAP) are implicated.
- Sensitization of the inflammatory-pain system and modifications in brain immune cells during cortical spreading depression are significant findings.
- The glymphatic system's role and the function of C-fibres and Aδ-fibres are increasingly understood.
Conclusions:
- Understanding neuro-inflammation and the trigeminovascular system has led to targeted therapies.
- Monoclonal antibodies against CGRP or its receptor, and Botulinum Toxin type A, represent significant therapeutic progress for migraine, especially chronic forms.
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