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microRNAs in Autism Spectrum Disorders.
Mahesh Mundalil Vasu1, Puthiripadath S Sumitha1, Parakkal Rahna1
1Department of Neurogenetics, Institute for Communicative and Cognitive Neurosciences (ICCONS), Kavalappara, Shoranur, Palakkad - 679 523, Kerala, India.
Current Pharmaceutical Design
|November 7, 2019
Summary
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key gene regulators with significant roles in brain development. This review explores their complex involvement in autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and potential therapeutic applications.
Area of Science:
- Genomics
- Neuroscience
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Non-coding genomic elements, particularly microRNAs (miRNAs), are increasingly recognized for their roles in cellular functions and diseases.
- miRNAs are short, non-coding RNA molecules (18-25 nucleotides) that regulate gene expression by targeting messenger RNAs (mRNAs).
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current literature on the multifaceted roles of miRNAs in autism spectrum disorders (ASDs).
- To explore the potential of miRNAs as a link between genetic and environmental factors in ASD etiology.
- To summarize knowledge regarding therapeutic applications of miRNAs in ASD.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of scientific articles focusing on miRNAs and autism spectrum disorders.
Main Results:
- miRNAs play a significant role in gene regulation within the mammalian brain.
- The genetic and multifactorial nature of ASDs presents challenges in identifying common genetic risk factors.
- miRNAs may represent a crucial factor mediating the interaction between genetic predispositions and environmental influences in ASD.
Conclusions:
- A comprehensive understanding of miRNA functions in ASD is emerging.
- miRNAs are implicated in the complex etiology of autism spectrum disorders.
- Therapeutic strategies targeting miRNAs show promise for ASD treatment.
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