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Multifunctional nanocomposite structural separators for energy storage.

Luiz H Acauan1, Yue Zhou, Estelle Kalfon-Cohen

  • 1Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. wardle@mit.edu.

Nanoscale
|November 12, 2019
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Summary

Researchers developed a new structural separator using alumina nanotubes for energy storage devices. This mechanically robust separator enhances supercapacitor performance and strengthens advanced composites, paving the way for multifunctional structural energy storage.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Separators are crucial components in batteries and supercapacitors, situated between anodes and cathodes.
  • Current separators primarily facilitate charge transfer but lack significant mechanical robustness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel "structural separator" with enhanced mechanical properties.
  • To evaluate its performance in supercapacitors and as an interface reinforcement in carbon fiber composites.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of an electrically-insulating structural separator using aligned alumina nanotubes within a polymer nanocomposite.
  • Integration and testing of the structural separator in a supercapacitor cell.
  • Application as an interface reinforcement in an aerospace-grade structural carbon fiber composite.

Main Results:

  • The structural separator doubled ionic conductivity in the supercapacitor cell by disrupting polymer electrolyte semi-crystallinity.
  • It enhanced the interface strength of the advanced composite by 50% compared to commercial separators.
  • Demonstrated dual functionality: charge transfer enablement and mechanical reinforcement.

Conclusions:

  • The novel structural separator offers significant electrical and mechanical advantages over conventional separators.
  • It is ideally suited for multifunctional structural energy storage applications, merging energy storage and structural integrity.