Hyperpolarized relaxometry based nuclear T₁ noise spectroscopy in diamond.

Area of Science:

• Quantum Information Science
• Solid-State Physics
• Quantum Sensing

Background:

• Spin lifetimes in quantum systems are critical for quantum information processing and sensing applications.
• Understanding the origins of spin relaxation is essential for developing strategies to prolong coherence times.

Purpose of the Study:

• To spectrally map nuclear spin relaxation processes in diamond.
• To identify the dominant relaxation channels and their field dependence.
• To investigate the influence of electron spin baths on nuclear spin lifetimes.

Main Methods:

• Utilized optically pumped Nitrogen Vacancy (NV) centers for nuclear hyperpolarization, enabling million-fold signal enhancement.
• Performed systematic studies across a wide magnetic field range (1 mT–7 T).
• Varied concentrations of substitutional electron (P1 center) and carbon-13 nuclei to probe relaxation mechanisms.

Main Results:

• Identified specific operational relaxation channels for nuclei at different magnetic field strengths.
• Demonstrated the significant role of carbon-13 coupling to the P1 electronic spin bath in nuclear relaxation.
• Achieved substantial signal amplification using NV-mediated hyperpolarization.

Conclusions:

• The findings provide fundamental insights into nuclear spin dynamics in diamond.
• Identified key factors governing spin lifetimes, crucial for optimizing quantum devices.
• Motivates quantum control techniques for dissipation engineering to enhance spin lifetimes for quantum memories and hyperpolarized imaging.