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The term desmosome derives from the Greek words "desmo" and "soma" meaning "adhesion bodies." This structure was first observed during the late 1800s and described as small, dense nodules in the epidermis. Desmosomes are button-like structures that help form an interlinked network of intermediate filaments across the cells. These junctions are  essential to hold cells together under mechanical stress and to maintain tissue integrity. Desmosomes are multi-protein...
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Satellite stem cells or myosatellite cells are quiescent stem cells that Alexander Mauro first identified in 1961. These cells are located between the sarcolemma, the plasma membrane of muscle fibers, and the basal lamina, the connective tissue sheath covering it. These mononucleated cells are activated in response to muscle injury, can transform into myoblasts, and may form or repair muscle fibers. Myosatellite cells can provide additional myonuclei for muscle regeneration or return to a...
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Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
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Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
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Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their...
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Updated: Jan 3, 2026

Three-Dimensional Bone Extracellular Matrix Model for Osteosarcoma
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Bone Sarcomas and Desmoids.

Jeremy M Brownstein1, Thomas F DeLaney2

  • 1Francis H. Burr Proton Beam Therapy Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, 30 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.

Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America
|November 20, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bone sarcomas and desmoid tumors are rare mesenchymal neoplasms. This review covers their diagnosis, work-up, and treatment for clinicians managing these uncommon bone and soft tissue tumors.

Keywords:
ChondrosarcomaChordomaDesmoidOsteosarcomaRadiation therapy

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Bone sarcomas are rare malignant bone tumors.
  • Desmoids are benign, infiltrative soft tissue neoplasms.
  • Scarcity of data and infrequent clinical encounters pose management challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current literature on the diagnosis of bone sarcomas and desmoids.
  • To outline appropriate work-up strategies for these rare tumors.
  • To summarize treatment options for mesenchymal bone and soft tissue neoplasms.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies.
  • Synthesis of diagnostic criteria.
  • Analysis of treatment modalities.

Main Results:

  • Bone sarcomas and desmoids present diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to rarity.
  • Current literature provides a basis for diagnosis and management.
  • Multidisciplinary approaches are often necessary.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of bone sarcomas and desmoids requires understanding their unique characteristics.
  • This review consolidates key information for clinicians.
  • Further research is needed to improve outcomes for these rare tumors.