A Case of Immunoglobulin (Ig) G4-related Sclerosing Periaortitis Mimicking Mediastinal Malignant Tumor

Sclerosing mediastinitis was first described by Oulmont in 1855. The aggressive fibro-inflammatory process that occurs in the mediastinum is the end result of a number of inflammatory processes. It is thought that hypersensitivity reactions to various antigens, autoimmune reactions, and idiopathic fibro-inflammatory responses play a role in the etiology of the disease. It has been shown in recent years that immonoglobulin (Ig) G4-related autoimmune diseases may lead to sclerosing mediastinitis. In this study, a rare case of Ig G4-related sclerosing periaortitis is presented in a 50-year male patient. The disease responded well to steroid treatment, but soon recurred following stoppage of the treatment. The treatment with deflazacort was started again; and he responded well. The lesion disappeared within six months of retreatment.