[GENETIC ASPECTS OF RESISTANCE TO MALARIA (REVIEW)]

Malaria is one of the most important and common infectious diseases in the world. The world health organization estimates 225 million malaria cases worldwide. Malaria is one of the strongest selective factors affecting the human genotype. The greatest pressure of malaria pathogens had on the inhabitants of the tropical belt, in which invasion was the main factor of genetic selection. As a result, there were genetic diseases such as sickle cell anemia, thalassemia, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency and others. An important role in the pathogenesis of malaria is the stage of penetration of the parasite of malarial Plasmodium into the erythrocyte. Changes in the structure of surface antigens of red blood cells may contribute to or reduce the effectiveness of invasion. Genetic polymorphism associated with the pathogenesis and characteristics of the malaria clinic is also important in the development of malaria resistance. Understanding the genetic changes associated with red blood cell disorders and pathogenesis can provide insights into the development of new strategies for malaria treatment and prevention.