SYSTEMIC STEM CELLS EQUILIBRIUM THEORY - THE LAW OF LIFE

Despite progress in physiology, there unfortunately still remains a gap that does not explain what the governing nature of periodical morpho-functional changes of the body during normal development and if it can be associated with the different pathological processes. The aim of the current study was to determine the role of systemic stem cells during different periods of life via introducing a new theory. Systematic stem cells equilibrium theory is a new concept in physiology which reflects the lifetime balance of systematic stem cells via their synchronized production, utilization and distribution/redistribution, determined by the need of a certain period of life with predominant support of reproductive function of the body. According to this theory, all mammalian organisms have innate total systemic stem cell pools, which consist of three major categories of stem cells: 1) central - embryonic stem cells. 2) distributary stem cells circulating in the blood stream and lymphatic system. 3) stational/ reginal somatic stem cells, situated in the "niche" of tissues and organs. Redistribution of systematic stem cells occurs throughout the life and is an integral property of a living organism. Periodical change in systematic stem cell distribution is usually a normal process, that serves as a base for morpho-functional remodeling of the body necessary for a certain period of life. Changes in distribution of systemic stem cells, unfortunately, may occur situationally as well, causing pathological morpho-functional changes in the body and trigger development of different pathological processes including oncogenesis. Equilibrium of systemic stem cells has vital importance for the living organism because disbalance in this system can cause accumulation of excessive number of stem cells in the circulatory system and their unnecessary delivery to the regions, creating a favorable condition for cancer development.