A Comprehensive Review on Water Diffusion in Polymers Focusing on the Polymer-Metal Interface Combination

Area of Science:

• Polymer science and materials science
• Physical chemistry of polymers
• Water-polymer interactions

Background:

• Water diffusion in polymers is crucial for many applications.
• Numerous experimental studies reveal complex diffusion behaviors.
• Existing models and methods have limitations in accurately describing these phenomena.

Purpose of the Study:

• To critically review experimental and modeling approaches for water diffusion in polymers.
• To identify and analyze errors in widely used methods, particularly the Brasher-Kingsbury equation.
• To outline current challenges and future research directions in the field.

Main Methods:

• Focus on gravimetric and capacitance methods for water diffusion measurement.
• Analysis of experimental data and theoretical models.
• Discussion of error sources in established techniques.

Main Results:

• Identified contradictions and problems in current understanding of water diffusion in polymers.
• Detailed analysis of errors associated with gravimetric and capacitance methods.
• Highlighted limitations of the Brasher-Kingsbury equation.

Conclusions:

• Current methods for studying water diffusion in polymers require refinement.
• Further research is needed to address issues like water clusters, relaxation, and interfacial electrochemical reactions.
• Expanding theoretical frameworks is essential for a comprehensive understanding.