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Geographic Information System (GIS) technology is essential for risk identification, action prioritization, and resource optimization in critical situations like flooding and earthquakes. By integrating spatial and demographic data, GIS provides a comprehensive framework for emergency response.GIS integrates data layers, like rainfall intensity, topography, elevation profiles, and river levels, to model high-risk flood zones. These layers assess areas susceptible to flooding based on their...
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Experimental Investigation of the Hierarchical Control in DC Microgrids Using a Real-time Simulator
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Operational Networks: Adaptation to Extreme Events in China.

Louise K Comfort1,2, Haibo Zhang2

  • 1University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

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|January 17, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Operational networks, integrating planned and emergent structures with information technology, enhance collective response to natural hazards. This approach enables real-time adaptation and informed action during extreme events.

Keywords:
Complex adaptive systemsemergent networksintegrationoperational networksplanned networks

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Area of Science:

  • Disaster Management
  • Organizational Studies
  • Complex Adaptive Systems

Background:

  • Natural hazards present escalating challenges to public administrators due to increased frequency and costs of extreme events.
  • Existing approaches to organizational networks for disaster response include planned networks (pre-event) and emergent networks (post-event), with effective design remaining elusive.
  • A complex adaptive systems framework is utilized to understand dynamic organizational responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine organizational networks as instruments for mobilizing collective response to extreme events.
  • To identify operational networks that adapt in real time using information technologies for collective action.
  • To analyze the integration of planned and emergent organizational forms in operational networks.

Main Methods:

  • Mixed research methods including documentary analysis, content analysis of news articles, onsite observation, and semistructured interviews.
  • External/Internal (E/I) index analysis to measure the integration of planned and emergent forms.
  • Empirical data collected from response systems following the 2008 Wenchuan and 2013 Lushan earthquakes in China.

Main Results:

  • Operational networks represent a distinct multiorganizational response combining designated authority structure with information technology flexibility.
  • Planned networks provide essential organizational structure and legitimacy for operational networks.
  • Information technology (cell phones, radio, internet) is crucial for rapid communication, information exchange, and real-time adaptation.

Conclusions:

  • Operational networks, by integrating planned and emergent elements with information technology, offer an effective model for disaster response.
  • Real-time information exchange and adaptation are key to meeting urgent needs during extreme events.
  • The study highlights the importance of flexible, technologically-enabled organizational structures in disaster management.