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Teeth

Teeth

The formation of teeth, also known as odontogenesis, is a complex process that begins in utero, around the sixth week of embryonic development. There are three stages to this process: the bud stage, the cap stage, and the bell stage.
In the bud stage, the tooth germ (an aggregation of cells) starts to form in the developing jawbone. During the cap stage, the tooth germ differentiates into enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental sac, which will later develop into the tooth's enamel, dentin...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 29, 2025

Author Spotlight: 3D Movement Assessment of Maxillary Posterior Teeth in Clear Aligner Treatment

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Sex Predictability by Using Mandibular Canine Index.

Alok Atreya¹, Rijen Shrestha², Lujaw Ratna Tuladhar³

¹Lumbini Medical College Teaching Hospital, Palpa, Nepal.

Journal of Nepal Health Research Council

|February 1, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The mandibular canine index shows poor accuracy for sex determination in the Nepalese population, with predictability ranging from 57.5% to 62.5%. This suggests caution when using this forensic odontology method in this demographic.

Keywords:

Canine dimorphism; forensic anthropology; forensic dentistry; forensic identification sex determination.

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Area of Science:

Forensic Odontology
Anthropology
Dental Morphology

Background:

Canine teeth exhibit high resistance to trauma and pathological changes.
Canine teeth display the most significant sexual dimorphism among all human teeth.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the effectiveness of the mandibular canine index for sex determination.
To assess the accuracy of canine sexual dimorphism in the Nepalese population.

Main Methods:

A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted.
Mesio-distal widths of mandibular canines and inter-canine arch width were measured.
The mandibular canine index was calculated and analyzed for sex predictability.

Main Results:

The mandibular canine index demonstrated poor sex predictability, with accuracy between 57.5% and 62.5%.
These findings indicate limited reliability for sex determination using this index in the studied population.

Conclusions:

The mandibular canine index should be used with caution for sex determination in the Nepalese population.
Alternative methods are recommended for reliable sex determination in forensic contexts.