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Source attributions for detected new items: Persistent evidence for schematic guessing.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Source guessing in memory tests uses two strategies: schema-based and probability matching. This study shows probability matching applies only to old items, while schema-based guessing is used for new items.

Keywords:
Source monitoringcognitive biasesmultinomial processing tree modelschema-based guessingschemas

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Memory Research

Background:

  • Source monitoring performance depends on both source memory and source guessing.
  • Source guessing is influenced by distinct mechanisms: schema-based bias and probability matching.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate source guessing mechanisms for both old and new items in a source-monitoring paradigm.
  • To determine if participants differentiate guessing strategies based on item recognition status.

Main Methods:

  • Extended a source-monitoring paradigm to include source judgments for detected new items.
  • Analyzed source guessing strategies for both detected old and new items.

Main Results:

  • Participants utilize probability matching for detected old items, reflecting item-source contingency.
  • Participants employ schema-based guessing for detected new items, relying on general knowledge.

Conclusions:

  • The old-new recognition status influences source attribution strategies.
  • Schema-based guessing for new items may prevent overgeneralization of newly acquired, potentially local, contingency information.