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Upconversion Nonlinear Structured Illumination Microscopy.

Baolei Liu1,2, Chaohao Chen1, Xiangjun Di1

  • 1Institute for Biomedical Materials & Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel photon upconversion microscopy technique for deep tissue super-resolution imaging. The method achieves high resolution and speed, overcoming light scattering limitations in biological samples.

Keywords:
NIRSIMdeep tissuenonlinearsuper-resolutionupconversion nanoparticles

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Optics
  • Nanotechnology
  • Microscopy

Background:

  • Structured illumination microscopy (SIM) enables super-resolution imaging but is limited by light extinction in biological tissues, restricting imaging depth and resolution.
  • Deep tissue imaging is crucial for understanding cellular processes but faces challenges due to light scattering and absorption.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel wide-field super-resolution imaging modality capable of penetrating biological tissues.
  • To overcome the limitations of conventional microscopy in deep tissue imaging applications.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a photon upconversion scheme with lanthanide-doped nanoparticles for near-infrared (NIR) nonlinear structured illumination.
  • Employed 976 nm excitation and 800 nm upconverted emission to mitigate aberrations and enhance imaging depth.
  • Leveraged the nonlinear response of nanoparticle upconversion emissions to generate high spatial frequency components.

Main Results:

  • Achieved super-resolution imaging with a resolution below 131 nm (1/7th of the excitation wavelength).
  • Demonstrated video-rate imaging at 1 Hz, enabling dynamic tracking of biomolecules.
  • Successfully mitigated aberrations and improved imaging depth through NIR excitation and upconversion emission.

Conclusions:

  • The developed photon upconversion microscopy offers a new modality for deep tissue super-resolution imaging.
  • This technique overcomes key limitations of conventional SIM, enabling visualization of cellular processes at unprecedented depths and resolutions.
  • The findings pave the way for advanced in vivo imaging and biological research.