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Related Concept Videos

Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

2.9K
Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
2.9K
Magnetic Field Lines01:19

Magnetic Field Lines

5.3K
The representation of magnetic fields by magnetic field lines is very useful in visualizing the strength and direction of the magnetic field. Each of the magnetic field lines forms a closed loop. The field lines emerge from the north pole (N), loop around to the south pole (S), and continue through the bar magnet back to the north pole.
Magnetic field lines follow several hard-and-fast rules:
5.3K
Diamagnetism01:26

Diamagnetism

2.9K
Materials consisting of paired electrons have zero net magnetic moments. However, when these materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Such materials are called diamagnets. Diamagnetism is the response of the diamagnets when placed in an external magnetic field.
Diamagnetism was discovered by Anton Brugmans in 1778 when he observed that bismuth gets repelled by magnetic fields, thus theorizing that diamagnets get repelled by magnets....
2.9K
Magnetic Field Due To A Thin Straight Wire01:28

Magnetic Field Due To A Thin Straight Wire

5.9K
Consider an infinitely long straight wire carrying a current I. The magnetic field at point P at a distance a from the origin can be calculated using the Biot-Savart law.
5.9K
Divergence and Curl of Magnetic Field01:26

Divergence and Curl of Magnetic Field

3.8K
The magnetic field due to a volume current distribution given by the Biot–Savart Law can be expressed as follows:
3.8K
Diamagnetic Shielding of Nuclei: Local Diamagnetic Current01:14

Diamagnetic Shielding of Nuclei: Local Diamagnetic Current

1.3K
An applied magnetic field causes the electrons present in the molecule to circulate, setting up a local diamagnetic current within the molecule. The local diamagnetic current arising from circulating sigma-bonding electrons induces a magnetic field, Blocal that opposes the applied magnetic field, B0. The effective magnetic field experienced by these nuclei is given by the difference between the applied and local magnetic fields in a phenomenon called local diamagnetic shielding. Essentially,...
1.3K

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Optimizing Magnetic Force Microscopy Resolution and Sensitivity to Visualize Nanoscale Magnetic Domains
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Visualizing Magnetic Structure in 3D Nanoscale Ni-Fe Gyroid Networks.

Justin Llandro1,2,3, David M Love4, András Kovács5

  • 1Laboratory for Nanoelectronics and Spintronics, Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.

Nano Letters
|April 7, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers created nanoscale magnetic gyroids, 3D chiral networks, enabling new electromagnetic properties. These structures, fabricated near magnetic length scales, exhibit complex magnetic states for advanced applications.

Keywords:
gyroidsmagnetic metamaterialsoff-axis electron holographytransmission electron microscopy

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Interacting 2D nanomagnets show unique electromagnetic properties through collective effects.
  • Fabricating 3D magnetic metamaterials at nanoscale and visualizing their magnetic configurations are significant challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To fabricate and characterize nanoscale magnetic gyroids, periodic chiral networks, for 3D magnetic metamaterial applications.
  • To visualize the magnetization distributions within these 3D nanostructures and interpret their magnetic behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of Ni75Fe25 single-gyroid and double-gyroid nanostructures using block copolymer templating.
  • Visualization of magnetization distributions using off-axis electron holography with nanometer spatial resolution.
  • Interpretation of magnetic patterns through finite-element micromagnetic simulations.

Main Results:

  • Successfully produced Ni75Fe25 gyroid nanostructures with a 42 nm unit cell and 11 nm diameter struts.
  • Observed and visualized intricate, frustrated remanent magnetic states in the fabricated gyroids.
  • Demonstrated ferromagnetic behavior without a unique equilibrium configuration in the 3D magnetic metamaterial.

Conclusions:

  • Fabricated nanoscale magnetic gyroids represent a significant advancement in 3D magnetic metamaterials.
  • The observed frustrated magnetic states open possibilities for novel collective phenomena in magnetism.
  • These findings pave the way for 3D magnonic crystals and unconventional computing architectures.