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DNA as a Genetic Template

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Two structural features of the DNA molecule provide a basis for the mechanisms of heredity: the four nucleotide bases and its double-stranded nature. The Watson-Crick model of double-helical DNA structure, proposed in 1952, drew heavily upon the X-ray crystallography work of researchers Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins. Watson, Crick, and Wilkins jointly received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their work in 1962. Franklin was, controversially, excluded from the prize for...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 23, 2025

Design and Synthesis of a Reconfigurable DNA Accordion Rack

Design and Synthesis of a Reconfigurable DNA Accordion Rack

Published on: August 15, 2018

Information Coding in a Reconfigurable DNA Origami Domino Array.

Sisi Fan¹, Dongfang Wang¹, Jin Cheng¹

¹Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)

|April 19, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces molecular information coding on DNA origami domino arrays for secure data storage. It enables simultaneous steganography and cryptography, protecting information from unauthorized access and counterfeiting.

Keywords:

DNA origami cryptography molecular information coding steganography

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Last Updated: Dec 23, 2025

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Area of Science:

Nanotechnology
Molecular Engineering
Information Security

Background:

DNA nanostructures offer programmable nanoscale patterns for various applications.
Molecular Information Coding (MIC) on DNA nanostructures is emerging for information security.
Simultaneously achieving steganography and cryptography on DNA nanostructures is a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate a novel method for molecular information coding (MIC) in a reconfigurable DNA origami domino array (DODA).
To achieve synchronous steganography and cryptography for enhanced information security.
To develop an anti-counterfeiting strategy for protecting coded information.

Main Methods:

Utilized a reconfigurable DNA origami domino array (DODA) capable of altering internal patterns while maintaining a constant outline for steganography.
Employed DNA strands as keys to translate cryptographic data into visible patterns within the DODA.
Implemented a programmable 6x6 lattice for complex cryptography using ASCII code.
Developed an anti-counterfeiting mechanism based on conformational transformation-mediated toehold strand displacement reactions.

Main Results:

Successfully demonstrated MIC in the DODA, enabling steganography by preserving the DODA outline.
Achieved cryptographic data translation into visible patterns upon addition of specific DNA keys.
Showcased the versatility of MIC in DODA for complex cryptography using ASCII code within a 6x6 lattice.
Validated an anti-counterfeiting approach to prevent unauthorized decoding and falsification of MIC.

Conclusions:

The developed DODA system effectively integrates steganography and cryptography for secure molecular information coding.
The programmable nature of DODA and the anti-counterfeiting mechanism offer a robust solution for advanced information security.
This work paves the way for novel applications in secure data storage and anti-counterfeiting technologies using DNA nanostructures.