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Serious and lethal respiratory tract infections of viral etiology in children

Larry S Jefferson1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, and The Center for Medicine, Ethics, and Public Policy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.

Seminars in Pediatric Infectious Diseases
|April 28, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Viral infections can cause severe and fatal lung infections in children, impacting both healthy and immunocompromised individuals. This review examines serious viral respiratory illnesses, diagnostic methods, and outcomes in pediatric patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric infectious diseases
  • Pulmonology
  • Virology

Background:

  • Viral infections are a significant cause of severe and lethal pulmonary disease in children.
  • Both immunocompetent and immunocompromised pediatric populations are susceptible to serious viral respiratory illnesses.
  • Existing literature includes series on acute respiratory distress syndrome, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and nosocomial viral infections in children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the extent of serious viral respiratory illnesses in children.
  • To examine specific viral respiratory conditions affecting pediatric patients.
  • To discuss diagnostic approaches for viral respiratory infections in children.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of documented series of pediatric patients with severe viral respiratory illnesses.
  • Analysis of cases involving acute respiratory distress syndrome and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.
  • Examination of reported nosocomial viral infections in children.

Main Results:

  • Viral pathogens are responsible for a substantial burden of severe respiratory disease in children.
  • Specific viral agents contribute to significant morbidity and mortality.
  • Diagnostic modalities are crucial for identifying viral etiologies in critically ill children.

Conclusions:

  • Prompt diagnosis and management of viral respiratory infections are critical in pediatric care.
  • Understanding the spectrum of viral pulmonary disease aids in clinical decision-making.
  • Further research into novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies is warranted.

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