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Development and Validation of a Marginality Index for Nursing Students
1About the Author Heather M. Englund, PhD, RN, CNE, is an assistant professor, University of Wisconsin Oshkosh College of Nursing, Oshkosh, Wisconsin. The author is grateful to Dr. Joanne Hall for her invaluable feedback and guidance during the development of the marginality index. For more information, contact her at englundh@uwosh.edu.
Nursing Education Perspectives
|May 9, 2020
Summary
This study developed the Englund Marginality Index (EMI) to measure marginalization in nursing students. The EMI is a valid and reliable tool for assessing these experiences in nursing education.
Area of Science:
- Nursing Education
- Psychometrics
- Sociology of Health
Background:
- Minority nursing students report experiences of marginalization.
- Existing instruments do not adequately measure marginality in this population.
- Marginality in nursing students remains under-investigated due to measurement gaps.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a specific tool to measure marginality in nursing education.
- To validate and assess the reliability of a new marginality index for nursing students.
Main Methods:
- The Englund Marginality Index (EMI) was administered to 323 baccalaureate nursing students.
- A psychometric evaluation was conducted on the EMI.
- Statistical analyses included variance, Cronbach's alpha, and test-retest correlation.
Main Results:
- The EMI comprises 19 items and explains 70% of the variance.
- The instrument demonstrated strong reliability with a Cronbach's α of .90.
- High test-retest correlation (r = .92) indicates strong temporal stability.
Conclusions:
- The Englund Marginality Index (EMI) is a valid and reliable measure.
- The EMI can be used to assess marginality experiences among nursing students.
- This tool addresses a critical need in nursing education research.
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