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Published on: June 26, 2020
Hepatitis A: Epidemiology, Natural History, Unusual Clinical Manifestations, and Prevention
Ameer Abutaleb1, Shyam Kottilil2
1Division of Clinical Care and Research, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland, 725 West Lombard Street Suite, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, 22 South Greene Street, N3W156, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Abstract:
Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is a positive-strand RNA virus that is transmitted feco-orally through person-to-person contact. Outbreaks are often linked to poor sanitation, overcrowding, or food and water contamination. Infection is often asymptomatic in children, but adults present with jaundice, abdominal pain, hepatitis, and hyperbilirubinemia. Diagnosis is through detection of immunoglobulin M antibodies against HAV, and treatment is supportive. Vaccination is the mainstay of prevention and should be given before exposure whenever possible.
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