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Related Concept Videos

Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

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The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
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Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
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Lithium dialkyl cuprate, also known as Gilman reagents, selectively reduces acid halides to ketones. The acid chloride is treated with Gilman reagent at −78 °C in the presence of ether solution to produce a ketone in good yield.
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Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
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18.5K
For transition metal complexes, the coordination number determines the geometry around the central metal ion. Table 1 compares coordination numbers to molecular geometry. The most common structures of the complexes in coordination compounds are octahedral, tetrahedral, and square planar.
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Cyclohexane does not exist in a planar form due to the high angle and torsional strain it would experience in the planar structure. Instead, it adopts non-planar chair and boat conformations.
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Updated: Dec 19, 2025

Accessing Valuable Ligand Supports for Transition Metals: A Modified, Intermediate Scale Preparation of 1,2,3,4,5-Pentamethylcyclopentadiene
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Constructing multi-cluster copper(i) halides using conformationally flexible ligands.

Muxin Yu1, Caiping Liu2, Shengchang Li2

  • 1Organic Optoelectronics Engineering Research Centre of Fujian's Universities, College of Electronics and Information Science, Fujian Jiangxia University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China. ylyu@fjjxu.edu.cn and State Key Laboratory of Structure Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China. cl@fjirsm.ac.cn hmc@fjirsm.ac.cn.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)
|June 5, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed novel multi-cluster copper(i) halides using flexible ligands. This breakthrough allows for stabilizing diverse copper clusters, opening new avenues for complex synthesis and revealing unique photoluminescence properties.

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Area of Science:

  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Coordination Chemistry

Background:

  • Copper(i) halides are known for their diverse structures and interesting photoluminescent properties.
  • Synthesizing systems with multiple distinct metal-halide clusters presents significant challenges.
  • Controlling cluster formation and stability is crucial for developing new functional materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize unprecedented multi-cluster copper(i) halides (MCCHs).
  • To investigate the role of ligand conformational flexibility in stabilizing multiple copper(i)-halide clusters.
  • To explore the photoluminescent properties of the newly synthesized MCCHs.

Main Methods:

  • Assembly of MCCHs using conformationally flexible ligands.
  • Structural characterization of the synthesized copper(i)-halide complexes.
  • Photoluminescence spectroscopy to study temperature-dependent emission.

Main Results:

  • Successfully synthesized three unprecedented MCCHs.
  • Demonstrated that ligand conformational compliance is key to trapping and stabilizing various copper(i)-halide clusters.
  • Observed distinctive temperature-dependent photoluminescence in the MCCHs.

Conclusions:

  • The conformational flexibility of ligands is a critical factor for constructing multi-Cu(i)-cluster complexes.
  • This work provides a new strategy for the rational design of multi-cluster metal-halide systems.
  • The discovered MCCHs exhibit unique photoluminescent behaviors with potential applications in materials science.