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Natural Polymeric Scaffolds in Bone Regeneration.

Miriam Filippi1,2, Gordian Born1, Mansoor Chaaban2

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
|June 9, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Natural polymers are crucial for bone tissue engineering, offering biocompatible scaffolds for tissue regeneration. Advances in these materials promise improved treatments for bone defects.

Keywords:
bone tissuenatural polymerregenerationscaffoldtissue engineering

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Polymer Science

Background:

  • Bone tissue restoration after damage remains a significant clinical challenge.
  • Tissue engineering strategies aim to develop alternatives to bone autografts using biomaterials.
  • Natural polymers offer superior biocompatibility and bioactivity compared to synthetic alternatives for scaffold development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of natural polymers used in bone tissue engineering.
  • To describe manufacturing techniques, functionalization strategies, and compare the advantages/disadvantages of various natural polymers.
  • To discuss innovative approaches for creating biomimetic bone microenvironments and review regeneration outcomes and clinical applications.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on natural polymers for bone tissue engineering.
  • Analysis of manufacturing techniques, including hydrogels, fibrous, and porous scaffolds.
  • Evaluation of functionalization procedures with biomolecules and combinations with micro/nanomaterials.

Main Results:

  • Natural polymers provide versatile, biodegradable matrices (scaffolds) for cell delivery and tissue growth.
  • Various natural polymers exhibit distinct properties, manufacturing methods, and functionalization potentials.
  • Scaffolds enriched with cells demonstrate promising in vitro and in vivo regeneration outcomes, with some preliminary clinical applications.

Conclusions:

  • Natural polymers are pivotal in advancing bone tissue engineering.
  • Continued research in natural polymer-based materials is essential for developing translatable solutions for bone defect treatment.
  • These materials hold significant promise for efficient tissue regeneration and future clinical impact.