[Stress-induced disorders]

The review analyses the diseases and conditions caused by acute and chronic stress. The authors describe the pathogenesis of stress-induced disorders from the perspective of imbalance between stress-realizing and stress-limiting systems (sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems). The effects of acute and chronic stress on the cardiovascular, respiratory, and immune systems, the contribution of stress to the pathogenesis of skin diseases, the gastrointestinal tract, post-stroke disorders, headaches, and dizziness are considered. The authors highlight the role of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) as the main mediator of stress-limiting systems in protecting the nervous system and target organs from the damaging effects of acute and chronic stress. The authors recommend aminophenylbutyric acid hydrochloride, an analogue of GABA, as a drug with protective effect on organs and systems that are exposed to the negative effects of acute and chronic stress. Aminophenylbutyric acid hydrochloride (anvifen) is successfully used in both adults and children, has good tolerance, has no significant drug interactions and side-effects.