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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 13, 2025

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Advanced Fabrication Techniques of Microengineered Physiological Systems.

Joseph R Puryear Iii1, Jeong-Kee Yoon1, YongTae Kim1,2,3,4

  • 1George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.

Micromachines
|August 1, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Fabrication techniques limit organs-on-chips (OOCs) growth. This review examines methods like soft lithography, 3D printing, and injection molding for OOCs manufacturing, highlighting challenges and innovations.

Keywords:
body-on-chips (BOCs)fabricationmicroengineered physiological system (MPS)microfluidicorgans-on-chips (OOCs)

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology and Bioengineering
  • Microfluidics
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • The organs-on-chips (OOCs) field has rapidly advanced, creating microengineered physiological systems (MPS).
  • Reproducible fabrication of complex, multiscale, and multifunctional OOC devices is a significant challenge.
  • Existing fabrication methods face limitations in precision, cost, and scalability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and analyze common fabrication techniques for OOCs and microengineered physiological systems (MPS).
  • To discuss the advantages and disadvantages of various OOC manufacturing methods.
  • To identify obstacles hindering further innovation in OOC fabrication.

Main Methods:

  • Review of conventional methods: photolithography and etching.
  • Analysis of advanced techniques: laser-induced methods, soft lithography.
  • Exploration of emerging technologies: 3D printing and injection molding for OOC fabrication.

Main Results:

  • Photolithography and etching are limited for complex geometries requiring high precision.
  • Laser-induced methods offer higher precision but are costly.
  • Soft lithography is foundational, while 3D printing and injection molding show significant promise for OOC innovation.

Conclusions:

  • Fabrication techniques are critical bottlenecks for the advancement of organs-on-chips technology.
  • A comprehensive understanding of current methods' pros and cons is essential for future development.
  • Overcoming fabrication challenges is key to unlocking the full potential of MPS for research and applications.