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Oncolytic Viruses and Their Potential as a Therapeutic Opportunity in Osteosarcoma

Mary Frances Wedekind1, Timothy P Cripe2

  • 1National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|August 9, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Oncolytic viruses show promise for treating osteosarcoma, a challenging cancer. While generally safe, their effectiveness is currently limited, suggesting combination therapies may be key for future success.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Virology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Osteosarcoma is a significant unmet medical need.
  • Oncolytic viruses are emerging as a novel therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment.
  • These viruses selectively infect and kill cancer cells while stimulating an anti-tumor immune response.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current landscape of oncolytic viruses for osteosarcoma treatment.
  • To highlight available data from preclinical osteosarcoma models and clinical trials.
  • To discuss factors influencing oncolytic virus activity, including tumor cell susceptibility, the tumor microenvironment, and immunogenicity.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of oncolytic virus research.
  • Emphasis on studies involving osteosarcoma models and patients.
  • Analysis of safety and efficacy data from various administration routes.

Main Results:

  • Oncolytic viruses have demonstrated a favorable safety profile in patient administration.
  • Therapeutic efficacy of oncolytic viruses in osteosarcoma has been limited to date.
  • Factors such as tumor microenvironment and immunogenicity impact virus activity.

Conclusions:

  • Oncolytic viruses are safe for administration in cancer patients, including those with osteosarcoma.
  • Current therapeutic efficacy is limited, necessitating further research.
  • Combination therapy approaches are likely essential to maximize the utility of oncolytic viruses in osteosarcoma treatment.
Keywords:
Oncolytic virusOsteosarcomaViroimmunotherapyVirotherapy

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