Schiefer counter: An alternative method for clonogenic assay evaluation

Clonogenic assay evaluates the potential of cells to undergo division or generate clones following treatment with a chemical or other agent, thereby allowing the evaluation of cytotoxic and/or antiproliferative effects. Clonogenic assay analysis using traditional methods tends to be time-consuming and yield inconsistent results, whereas results from analyses conducted using automated image processing methods may be misleading or subject to misinterpretation. Thus, the aim of this work was to validate and demonstrate the applicability of a recently developed software.

Repeatability of measurements was evaluated by comparing results from 10 replicate images from a single well. To evaluate the viability of the software, results were compared with those obtained from manual counting, crystal violet optical density, and up-to-date automated methods. A clonogenic index was experimentally developed using the individual area occupied by colonies, while clone stratification was used to differentiate between antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects.

The developed software showed to be a reliable and consistent tool for clonogenic assay evaluation, presenting a repeatability mean error of 0.79% for the number of colonies and 0.89% for the total area of colonies, as well as exhibiting a significant correlation (p < 0.05) with results obtained from widely adopted gold standard methods. The software was also able to detect an appropriate dose-dependent effect as well as a predominant cytotoxic effect of vincristine on MCF-7 cells and calculate the clonogenic index.

Therefore, this software is adequate for the analysis of clonogenic assay images, differentiating between cytotoxic and antiproliferative trends.