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Clinical Features and Treatment Outcomes of Children with Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma

Asma Mehreen1, Rabia Wali1, Saima Riaz2

  • 1Department of Paediatric Oncology, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, Pakistan.

Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP
|August 20, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma (ALCL) shows poor outcomes, with hematological toxicity and febrile neutropenia being leading causes of mortality. Improved supportive care is crucial for better survival rates in children with ALCL.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Hematology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma (ALCL) is a distinct type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
  • Pediatric ALCL presents unique clinical and prognostic features compared to adult forms.
  • Understanding clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes is vital for improving pediatric cancer care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To delineate the clinical features and treatment strategies for pediatric patients diagnosed with ALCL.
  • To evaluate the treatment outcomes and survival rates in this specific pediatric cohort over a decade.
  • To identify factors influencing prognosis and mortality in pediatric ALCL.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective-observational study was conducted.
  • Medical records of pediatric patients (age < 20 years) with histopathologically confirmed ALCL were reviewed.
  • Data spanning January 2005 to December 2015 from Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre were analyzed using descriptive statistics.

Main Results:

  • Forty pediatric patients (67.5% males) with ALCL (CD30+) were analyzed.
  • Common clinical features included B symptoms (80%), nodal (97.5%), mediastinal (20%), visceral (40%), and cutaneous involvement (15%).
  • ALK positivity was observed in 48% of patients, with Stage III disease in 72.5%. Five-year event-free survival (EFS) was 30% and overall survival (OS) was 60%.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric ALCL is associated with unfavorable outcomes.
  • Hematological toxicity and associated febrile neutropenia were the primary causes of mortality.
  • Enhancing supportive care measures is essential to improve survival in pediatric ALCL patients.
Abstract

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