Lavandula dentata from Italy: Analysis of Trichomes and Volatiles

This study presented a micromorphological and phytochemical survey on Lavandula dentata L. cultivated at the Ghirardi Botanic Garden (Toscolano Maderno, BS, Italy). The morphological investigation revealed the presence of peltate, short- and medium-stalked capitate trichomes. The histochemical survey showed terpene production by peltates and medium-stalked capitates, hydrophilic secretions by short-stalked capitates. The phytochemical survey was developed on leaf and flower volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and on the essential oil (EO) from the flowering aerial parts. The VOC profiles represented an element of novelty and were dominated by oxygenated monoterpenes, among which 1,8-cineole and β-pinene were the most abundant (77.40 %, 7.11 % leaves; 81.08 %, 10.46 % flowers). The EO of L. dentata was dominated by oxygenated monoterpenes with a high percentage of 1,8-cineole (69.08 %), followed by β-pinene, trans-pinocarveol and myrtenal. Evaluations about the ecological role, the potential biological activity and the sensory attributes were proposed, based on literature contributions.