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Laryngeal Dysfunction in Severe Asthma: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
Anne E Vertigan1, Sarah L Kapela2, Peter G Gibson3
1Speech Pathology Department, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, NSW, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia; University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. in Practice
|October 4, 2020
Summary
Laryngeal dysfunction is prevalent in severe asthma, impacting breathing and voice. Early identification and treatment of these laryngeal issues can significantly improve asthma symptoms and patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Respiratory Medicine
- Otolaryngology
- Speech and Language Pathology
Background:
- Laryngeal disorders are increasingly recognized as a contributor to the disease burden in severe asthma.
- However, the specific nature and prevalence of laryngeal dysfunction in this patient population remain poorly understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate and characterize laryngeal function in individuals diagnosed with severe asthma.
- To identify patterns of laryngeal dysfunction and assess their impact on respiratory and phonatory functions.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional observational study compared laryngeal function in severe asthma patients (n=53) against patients with vocal cord dysfunction/inducible laryngeal obstruction (n=16), muscle tension dysphonia (n=14), and healthy controls (n=13).
- A pilot speech pathology intervention was administered to 11 severe asthma patients with laryngeal dysfunction.
Main Results:
- A high prevalence of laryngeal dysfunction (87%) was observed in severe asthma patients, affecting respiration, phonation, or both.
- Three patterns were identified: phonatory, respiratory, and combined laryngeal dysfunction. Laryngeal hypersensitivity and impaired voice measures were common.
- Following speech pathology intervention, patient-reported outcomes improved, with 64% (7/11) showing improvement in laryngeal dysfunction.
Conclusions:
- Laryngeal dysfunction significantly impacts both respiration and phonation in patients with severe asthma.
- Recognizing and treating these laryngeal issues is crucial for mitigating their influence on overall asthma symptom severity and management.
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