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Ron Belyansky1, Przemyslaw Bienias1, Yaroslav A Kharkov1

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We found that simple global interactions combined with local chaotic dynamics cause fast quantum information scrambling. This rapid spread of quantum information occurs in a time logarithmic to the system size.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Computing

Background:

  • Quantum information scrambling describes how quantum information spreads throughout a quantum system.
  • Fast scrambling is a phenomenon where this spread occurs rapidly, in a time logarithmic to the system size.
  • Understanding scrambling is crucial for developing robust quantum technologies and exploring fundamental physics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the conditions necessary for fast quantum information scrambling in spin models.
  • To demonstrate that simple global interactions suffice for fast scrambling when combined with local chaotic dynamics.
  • To provide tractable models for studying and potentially simulating fast scrambling.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical analysis of spin models with long-range and short-range interactions.
  • Development of two models: a random circuit with global interaction and coupled nonlinear oscillators.
  • Exact numerical simulations of out-of-time-order correlators and entanglement entropy in spin chains.

Main Results:

  • A simple, spatially homogeneous global interaction is sufficient to induce fast scrambling.
  • Fast scrambling occurs in a time logarithmic to the system size, driven by local chaotic dynamics.
  • Numerical evidence from two distinct models supports the theoretical predictions.

Conclusions:

  • Fast quantum information scrambling can be achieved with relatively simple physical setups.
  • The findings offer a pathway for experimental realization using quantum simulators.
  • This work has implications for quantum gravity research and the development of quantum information processing.