Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Stability of Substituted Cyclohexanes02:30

Stability of Substituted Cyclohexanes

This lesson discusses the stability of substituted cyclohexanes with a focus on energies of various conformers and the effect of 1,3-diaxial interactions.
The two chair conformations of cyclohexanes undergo rapid interconversion at room temperature. Both forms have identical energies and stabilities, each comprising equal amounts of the equilibrium mixture. Replacing a hydrogen atom with a functional group makes the two conformations energetically non-equivalent.
For example, in...
Hedgehog Signaling Pathway02:33

Hedgehog Signaling Pathway

The Hedgehog gene (Hh) was first discovered due to its control of the growth of disorganized, hair-like bristles phenotype in Drosophila, much like hedgehog spines. Hh plays a crucial role in the development of organs and the maintenance of homeostasis in both invertebrates and vertebrates. However, while Drosophila has only one Hh protein, mammals have multiple functional Hedgehog proteins - Sonic (Shh), Desert (Dhh), and Indian Hedgehog (Ihh). All of these homologous proteins have adapted to...
Comparison between RL and RC circuits01:24

Comparison between RL and RC circuits

An RC circuit consists of resistance and capacitance, while in an RL circuit, capacitance is replaced by an inductor. RL and RC circuits are first-order differential circuits that store energy. An RC circuit stores energy in the electric field, while an RL circuit stores energy in the magnetic field. When connected to a battery, an RC circuit charges the capacitor, causing the current to decrease from maximum to zero upon being fully charged. This increases the voltage across the capacitor from...
Norton's Theorem01:14

Norton's Theorem

Norton's theorem is a fundamental principle stating that a linear two-terminal circuit can be substituted with an equivalent circuit, which comprises a current source (ⅠN) in parallel with a resistor (RN). Here, ⅠN represents the short-circuit current flowing through the terminals, and RN stands for the input or equivalent resistance at the terminals when all independent sources are deactivated. This implies that the circuit illustrated in Figure (a) can be exchanged with the one depicted in...
Norton Equivalent Circuits01:16

Norton Equivalent Circuits

Norton's theorem is a fundamental concept in the field of electrical engineering that allows for the simplification of complex AC circuits. The theorem states that any two-terminal linear network can be replaced with an equivalent circuit that consists of an impedance, which is parallel with a constant current source. Figure 1 shows the AC circuit portioned into two parts: Circuit A and Circuit B, while Figure 2 depicts the circuit obtained by replacing Circuit A by its Norton equivalent...
Bioequivalence Experimental Study Designs: Completely Randomized and Randomized Block Designs01:20

Bioequivalence Experimental Study Designs: Completely Randomized and Randomized Block Designs

Bioequivalence experimental study designs are crucial methodologies used in evaluating and comparing the bioavailability of different drug products. These designs are categorized into various types: completely randomized, randomized block, repeated measures, cross and carry-over, and Latin square designs.Completely randomized designs involve randomly allocating treatments to all subjects participating in the experiment. This allocation is achieved by assigning unique random numbers to subjects...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Reevaluating the Potential of a Vanilla Transformer Encoder for Unsupervised Time Series Anomaly Detection in Sensor Applications.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

Hybrid Precision Floating-Point (HPFP) Selection to Optimize Hardware-Constrained Accelerator for CNN Training.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2024
Same author

Analog Convolutional Operator Circuit for Low-Power Mixed-Signal CNN Processing Chip.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2023
Same author

Security Requirements and Challenges of 6G Technologies and Applications.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2022
Same author

Optimal Architecture of Floating-Point Arithmetic for Neural Network Training Processors.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2022
Same author

Centralized Threshold Key Generation Protocol Based on Shamir Secret Sharing and HMAC Authentication.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2022
Same journal

RETRACTED: Zhang et al. A Novel Framework for Reconstruction and Imaging of Target Scattering Centers via Wide-Angle Incidence in Radar Networks. <i>Sensors</i> 2025, <i>25</i>, 6802.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Enhancing Unsupervised Multi-Source Domain Adaptation for Person Re-Identification via Mixture of Experts and Graph-Based Relation.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Development of an Instrumented Glove for Palmar Pressure Assessment in Kayakers.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Development and Experimental Validation of an Autonomous IoT-Based Monitoring System for Real-Time Water Quality Assessment in the Amazon River.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Semi-Supervised Adversarial Learning Framework for Controller Area Network Bus Intrusion Detection.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Smart Optimization Method for Safety Signs in Innovative Manufacturing Environments Integrating Industrial Field IoT Sensors and Knowledge Graphs.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Analysis of Group IV Viral SSHHPS Using In Vitro and In Silico Methods
10:40

Analysis of Group IV Viral SSHHPS Using In Vitro and In Silico Methods

Published on: December 21, 2019

Comparative Experiments of V2X Security Protocol Based on Hash Chain Cryptography.

Shimaa A Abdel Hakeem1,2, Mohamed A Abd El-Gawad3,4, HyungWon Kim1

  • 1School of Electronics Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 14, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new lightweight security protocol for Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communications significantly enhances road safety. This protocol offers faster processing and reduced overhead compared to existing V2X security solutions.

Keywords:
ETSI-103-097IEEE1609.2MAC algorithmauthenticationcommercial V2X deviceshash-chainprivacy

More Related Videos

Large Scale Energy Efficient Sensor Network Routing Using a Quantum Processor Unit
05:30

Large Scale Energy Efficient Sensor Network Routing Using a Quantum Processor Unit

Published on: September 8, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Analysis of Group IV Viral SSHHPS Using In Vitro and In Silico Methods
10:40

Analysis of Group IV Viral SSHHPS Using In Vitro and In Silico Methods

Published on: December 21, 2019

Large Scale Energy Efficient Sensor Network Routing Using a Quantum Processor Unit
05:30

Large Scale Energy Efficient Sensor Network Routing Using a Quantum Processor Unit

Published on: September 8, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Cybersecurity
  • Automotive Engineering
  • Network Communications

Background:

  • Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication is vital for road safety and autonomous driving.
  • Existing security protocols, often based on Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA), present high communication and computation overhead, hindering real-time V2X applications.
  • A need exists for efficient, lightweight security solutions in V2X systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel, lightweight message authentication and privacy preservation protocol for V2X communications.
  • To address the efficiency limitations of current V2X security protocols, particularly ECDSA-based ones.
  • To demonstrate performance advantages over standard and non-standard V2X security protocols.

Main Methods:

  • Introduction of a hash chain of secret keys for Message Authentication Code (MAC) to reduce overhead.
  • Implementation of the proposed protocol on commercial V2X devices.
  • Extensive experimentation with real V2X networks to evaluate performance.

Main Results:

  • The proposed protocol reduces communication overhead by 6x and computation overhead by over 100x compared to the IEEE1609.2 standard.
  • It achieves a 4x reduction in communication overhead and up to 100x reduction in computation overhead compared to the TESLA protocol.
  • Average end-to-end delay is reduced to 2.5 ms, a 24-fold and 28-fold improvement over IEEE1609.2 and TESLA, respectively.

Conclusions:

  • The developed lightweight V2X security protocol offers significant performance improvements in terms of communication and computation overhead.
  • This protocol effectively supports the real-time requirements of V2X applications, enhancing road safety and autonomous driving capabilities.
  • The findings demonstrate a practical and efficient solution for securing V2X communications.