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Superconducting Quantum Interference in Edge State Josephson Junctions.

Tamás Haidekker Galambos1, Silas Hoffman1,2, Patrik Recher3,4

  • 1Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland.

Physical Review Letters
|October 23, 2020
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Superconducting quantum interference in Josephson junctions reveals that equilibrium properties do not distinguish topological insulators. However, nonequilibrium transport currents show distinct interference patterns for helical versus nonhelical edge states.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Materials
  • Topological Insulators

Background:

  • Josephson junctions are key for superconducting quantum interference.
  • Two-dimensional (2D) insulators can host unique edge states.
  • Topological insulators possess protected edge states with distinct properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate superconducting quantum interference in Josephson junctions mediated by 2D insulator edge states.
  • Differentiate between topological (helical edge states) and trivial (nonhelical edge states) insulators.
  • Explore equilibrium and nonequilibrium transport properties.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical study of superconducting quantum interference.
  • Analysis of Josephson junctions linked by 1D edge states.
  • Comparison of equilibrium and nonequilibrium transport phenomena.

Main Results:

  • Critical supercurrent dependence on flux is insensitive to edge state helicity in equilibrium.
  • Nonequilibrium transport current exhibits qualitatively different interference patterns for helical vs. nonhelical edge states under finite voltage bias.
  • Topological features are not discernible from equilibrium critical supercurrent.

Conclusions:

  • Equilibrium measurements cannot distinguish topological from trivial insulators in this setup.
  • Nonequilibrium transport offers a potential route to probe the topological nature of edge states.
  • Helical edge states in topological insulators lead to unique interference phenomena.