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The Transition to Adulthood for Young People with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Robert Wisner-Carlson1, Sara Uram2, Thomas Flis3
1Neuropsychiatry Outpatient Program, Adult Developmental Neuropsychiatry Clinic, Adult Inpatient Intellectual Disability and Autism Unit, Sheppard Pratt Autism Registry, Ethics Committee, Sheppard Pratt Health System, 6501 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21204, USA.
The Psychiatric Clinics of North America
|October 31, 2020
Summary
Transitioning to adulthood is challenging for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Addressing social cognition, executive function, and mental health issues is crucial for improving adult outcomes and societal integration.
Area of Science:
- Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Psychiatry
- Developmental Psychology
Background:
- Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) presents significant challenges during the transition to adulthood.
- Individuals with ASD often face persistent social cognition deficits and executive dysfunction.
- Reduced societal acceptance and loss of support systems can worsen outcomes, alongside increased mental health concerns.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the difficulties faced by individuals with autism spectrum disorder during the transition to adulthood.
- To inform healthcare providers about the multifaceted issues impacting adult functioning in this population.
- To outline key interventions for improving outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Literature review synthesizing challenges and interventions for adults with ASD.
- Analysis of factors contributing to suboptimal outcomes in adult functioning.
- Identification of evidence-based interventions for transition support.
Main Results:
- Social cognition deficits and executive dysfunction remain significant barriers.
- Societal factors and mental health issues exacerbate transition difficulties.
- All domains of adult functioning are negatively impacted.
Conclusions:
- Healthcare providers must be aware of the unique challenges of adult transitions for individuals with ASD.
- Interventions such as social skills training, educational transition programs, and supported employment are vital.
- Proactive management and support are essential for improving adult life outcomes for individuals with autism spectrum disorder.
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